Cold gas generator

ABSTRACT

A cold gas generator for inflating a gas bag with the help of a gas flowing out of a gas pressure vessel ( 7 ), with the gas pressure vessel ( 7 ) being provided with a discharge opening ( 1 ) which is closed off by means of a destructible membrane ( 2 ) which is arched in a direction which is opposite relative to the stored gas, with the destruction of the membrane ( 2 ) occurring by a hot gas jet aimed at the membrane ( 2 ), which jet is exclusively produced by the ignition of a primer ( 4 ) which can be activated by the application of an electric pulse. In order to provide a cold gas generator which comprises an opening mechanism with a simple configuration and at the same time offers a high amount of security for the passengers and inflates the gas bag in a careful manner without destroying the same it is provided that in the filled state of the gas pressure vessel ( 7 ) the surface ( 6   a ) of the membrane ( 2 ) which is averted from the same is directed fully and in an exposed manner into a room ( 12 ) which is in connection with the gas bag via at least one discharge opening ( 11 ) and through which the hot gas jet is guided which is focused on the membrane ( 2 ) via a nozzle chamber ( 5 ).

The present invention relates to a cold gas generator for inflating a gas bag (airbag) pursuant to the preamble of claim 1.

Such gas generators are used for inflating a gas bag with stored gas in the case of activation, e.g. an airbag in a car.

A problem encountered in the filling of airbags is the high temperature development which occurs especially in pyrotechnically generated gas, which in addition to the endangerment of the passengers, can also lead to the thermal destruction of the gas bag.

It is known with respect to hybrid gas generators which comprise both a pyrotechnic propellant charge as well as a cold gas source in the form of a gas storage means that the hot gas stream of a pyrotechnic propellant charge burns through a sealing element closing off the gas container. Such a propellant charge is usually ignited by a primer (an igniter provided with a jacket which contains in its interior a small quantity of a pyrotechnic priming charge which can be ignited via ignition pins which are guided into the propellant charge and to which an electric voltage is applied), which primer, with a charge of approximately 100 mg of pyroteclhnical material, has no significant influence on the output of the gas generator. Such a hybrid gas generator is disclosed in EP 699.231 A1 for example.

Cold gas generators are also known which omit the use of an additional propellant gas charge and exclusively use a primer for destroying the sealing element. This leads to the advantage that by omitting the additional propellant charge the temperature of the gas in the gas bag is reduced to the thermodynamic behavior of the employed gas in the gas pressure vessel, as a result of which the same is thus present in a virtually cold condition. Moreover, the production of poisonous residual matter is further prevented which originate from the burn-up of additional pyrotechnic propellant charges. Such a cold gas generator is disclosed in DE 100 38 673 A1 for example. The stream of hot gas as produced by the primer is guided in a small, enclosed space directly onto the sealing element, which is a membrane. As a result of the ignition of the primer in an enclosed space, a blast wave or shockwave is produced which destroys the sealing element. In order to produce this small enclosed room whose one side is delimited by the sealing element, high requirements are placed on the tubular support by the contact with the pressurized sealing element, leading to an unnecessary complex production. Moreover, the annular discharge cross section which is complex with respect to its flow dynamics and which is to be produced after the destruction of the sealing element causes insecurity with respect to the reproducibility of the opening behavior. A further disadvantage is that the filling and thus also the checking of the gas pressure vessel can only occur after the complete assembly of the cold gas generator because the sealing element would not withstand the interior pressure of the gas pressure vessel without additional support.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a cold gas generator which comprises an opening mechanism which with respect to its structure is simple and highly reliable and simultaneously offers high security for the passengers and inflates the gas bag in a careful manner, without any likelihood of destruction.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a cold gas generator which allows flexible production in which the filling and the checking of the gas pressure vessel is possible at a random time without any complete prior assembly of the cold gas generator.

This object is achieved in accordance with the invention by the characterizing features of claim 1.

As a result, no other components are in engagement at the loaded membrane during the production of the cold gas generator, thus increasing production security.

As a result of the central destruction of the membrane, a reliably reproducible discharge cross section can be obtained. The membrane is tight even without support and is thus not subjected to the likelihood of damage and thus destruction, so that during the production of the cold gas generator it is not necessary that the filling and checking of the gas pressure vessel needs to be performed as the last step.

The defined distance between the discharge opening and the outlet opening of the nozzle chamber lead to a reliable destruction of the membrane under all circumstances.

There is now a detailed description of the invention, wherein:

FIG. 1 shows a sectional front oblique view of an opening mechanism in accordance with the invention for a cold gas generator with axial gas exit;

FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of an embodiment of an opening mechanism in accordance with the invention for a cold gas generator with axial gas exit;

FIG. 3 shows a sectional front oblique view of an opening mechanism in accordance with the invention for a cold gas generator with radial gas exit;

FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of an embodiment of an opening mechanism in accordance with the invention for a cold gas generator with radial gas exit;

FIG. 5 shows a sectional view of a known primer.

FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4 show a cold gas generator with an opening mechanism in accordance with the invention, with FIGS. 1 and 2 showing a discharge of the released gas in the axial direction and FIGS. 3 and 4 showing a discharge in the radial direction. The opening mechanism is arranged in the region above the discharge opening 1 of the gas storage means, which mechanism is used for destroying the membrane 2 and substantially consists of a primer fixing device 3, a primer 4 and a nozzle chamber 5.

The primer 4 concerns an igniter which has been known for a long time and whose principal configuration comprises a slight quantity of a priming charge 10 in a housing 8. Electrically contactable ignition pins 9 are guided into the priming charge 10 from the outside of the primer 4, which pins ignite the priming charge 10 (cf. FIG. 5) after the application of a voltage.

If the gas bag, and especially the air bag, is to be inflated, the primer 4 is ignited first as mentioned above by the application of an electric ignition pulse. The released energy is bundled in the nozzle chamber 5 and guided as a hot gas jet in a concentrated manner to the highest point 6 of the membrane 2 which closes off the discharge opening 1 of the gas storage means 7. The highest tension occurs at this point 6 in the course of the pressure load of the membrane 2 by the gas filling, as a result of which its thinnest position is obtained there. Since the material of the membrane 2 loses strongly in strength under the influence of heat, the partial heating by the directed hot gas jet causes a weakening and thus the destruction of the loaded membrane 2 in the region of the accessed point 6. The dynamics of the escaping, strongly compressed gas in the gas storage means 7 then produces the complete clearing of the discharge opening 1.

A destruction of the sealing element by a pressure wave or shockwave, for which a small, enclosed chamber would be required, is not desirable in the present case. It is entirely sufficient to focus the hot gas stream via the nozzle chamber in a directed manner on the sealing element. The sealing element can thus be situated in a completely exposed manner. Additional support is not required. The destruction of the sealing element occurs by thermal weakening. The internal pressure of the gas pressure vessel then destroys the thermally weakened sealing element.

In order to increase the release security even further and thus to minimize the failure probability, it is provided that the distance between the uppermost point of membrane 2 and the discharge opening 13 of the nozzle chamber 5 is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the discharge opening 1, i.e. the pressure-loaded cross section of the membrane 2. As a result, the complete destruction of the membrane is also ensured by the use of a conventional primer which can merely produce a low hot gas flow. 

1. A cold gas generator for inflating a gas bag with the help of a gas flowing out of a gas pressure vessel (7), with the gas pressure vessel (7) being provided with a discharge opening (1) which is closed off by means of a destructible membrane (2) which is arched in a direction which is opposite relative to the stored gas, with the destruction of the membrane (2) occurring by a hot gas jet aimed at the membrane (2), which jet is exclusively produced by the ignition of a primer (4) which can be activated by the application of an electric pulse, characterized in that in the filled state of the gas pressure vessel (7) the surface (6 a) of the membrane which is averted from the same is directed fully and in an exposed manner into a room (12) which is in connection with the gas bag via at least one discharge opening (11) and through which the hot gas jet is guided which is focused on the membrane (2) via a nozzle chamber (5).
 2. A cold gas generator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the primer (4) comprises a propelling charge (10) enclosed by a housing (8), which charge can be ignited via ignition pins (9) guided into the same.
 3. A cold gas generator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the membrane is made of a material with a tensile strength of more than 850 N/mm².
 4. A cold gas generator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the uppermost point of the membrane (2) and the discharge opening (13) of the nozzle chamber (5) is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the discharge opening (1). 